Protein Electrophoresis, Serum

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order a serum protein electrophoresis to diagnose or monitor conditions such as multiple myeloma, kidney disease, liver disease, or other disorders affecting protein levels. It’s also used to evaluate patients with unexplained symptoms like fatigue, swelling, or high blood pressure that may relate to protein abnormalities.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is drawn and sent to a lab. The serum is then separated using electrophoresis, a technique that moves proteins through a gel based on their size and electrical charge. Different protein bands appear, allowing for detailed analysis of protein types and quantities.

Sample Preparation and Collection

You’ll typically have a needle inserted into a vein (usually in your arm) to collect blood. The process is quick and usually doesn’t cause significant discomfort. If you’re nervous, let your healthcare provider know so they can prepare you accordingly.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if your doctor specifies it. Avoid smoking or consuming alcohol for a few hours beforehand to ensure accurate results.