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Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and globulins, which helps assess how well your blood proteins are balanced and identify potential conditions like kidney disease or liver problems.

Quick summary

["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting blood protein levels."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
18528-0
Short code
P-R interval L-V3
Synonyms
P-R interval L-V3
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ekg
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for abnormal protein patterns that could signal conditions such as multiple myeloma, kidney disease, liver disease, or certain types of autoimmune disorders. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in these conditions.

What Does the Test Involve?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then separated into components, including proteins, which are analyzed using gel electrophoresis to separate them by size and charge.

What Are Common Findings?

Typically, the test shows the distribution of proteins like albumin (the most abundant protein) and various globulins (proteins involved in immunity and transport). Abnormal bands or patterns may indicate conditions like monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma) or protein loss due to kidney disease.

How Is the Test Performed?

The blood sample is placed in a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate based on their size and electrical charge. The resulting pattern is analyzed to identify any unusual protein bands or concentrations.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test measure?
It measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and various globulins, to assess their relative amounts and identify any abnormal patterns.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within one to three business days, depending on lab processing times and whether additional confirmatory tests are needed.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special preparation is usually required, but you may be asked to fast for certain types of protein analysis if instructed by your provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy