Prolactin by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in Serum
This test measures the level of prolactin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a key role in breast milk production and regulates certain reproductive functions.
["Prolactin levels can help diagnose hormonal imbalances or conditions affecting the pituitary gland."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 41609-9
- Short code
- Prolactin 1h p chal SerPl-mCnc
- Synonyms
- Prolactin 1h p chal SerPl-mCnc
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 2
- Ref high
- 18
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- CPT
- 84146
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why Is This Test Done?
Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for conditions like hyperprolactinemia (high prolactin levels), which can be caused by tumors, certain medications, or other health issues. It may also be used to evaluate symptoms such as irregular menstrual periods, infertility, or breast changes.
What to Expect Before the Test
No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if instructed. Wear comfortable clothing and plan to stay for about 15 minutes while a blood sample is drawn.
What Happens During the Test?
A healthcare professional will insert a needle into a vein in your arm to draw blood. You may feel a slight pinch, but it usually doesn’t cause discomfort. The blood sample is then sent to a lab for analysis using HPLC.
What Are Possible Results?
Results are reported as a mass concentration of prolactin in serum. Your healthcare provider will interpret the results in relation to your symptoms and medical history.
Reference range
Adult males: 2-18 ng/mL; Females: 2-29 ng/mLN/A
For females: inform if menstrual cycle status. For certain tests, timing within menstrual cycle may matter.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Elevated prolactin levels may indicate conditions such as pituitary adenomas (benign tumors), thyroid disorders, kidney problems, or certain medications. Low levels might suggest pituitary dysfunction or other hormonal imbalances. Always discuss results with your doctor for personalized guidance.
Short name
Prolactin (Serum)
Frequently asked questions
What causes abnormal prolactin levels?
How long does it take to get results?
Can lifestyle changes affect prolactin test results?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy