Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like liver disease, kidney problems, or certain cancers.
["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 2878-7
- Short code
- Prot Amn-mCnc
- Synonyms
- Prot Amn-mCnc
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- fluid
- Container
- Sterile tube
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Specimen volume
- 2-5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 300
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Are Measured?
Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct fractions based on size and electrical charge. Key protein bands include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. These fractions can reveal imbalances linked to underlying health issues.
Why Is This Test Done?
Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or changes in liver/kidney function. It’s also used to screen for conditions such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or chronic liver disease.
How Is the Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum or plasma is then separated and run through an electric field to separate proteins. Results are interpreted by comparing the protein patterns to normal ranges.
Preparation for the Test
No special preparation is usually needed, but avoid eating or drinking for 8–12 hours before the test if instructed. Inform your provider about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as they may affect results.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal protein patterns can indicate conditions like hypoalbuminemia (low albumin), which may signal malnutrition or liver/kidney disease. Elevated gamma-globulins could suggest chronic infections or autoimmune disorders. Low beta-globulins might point to liver dysfunction, while unusual bands may signal monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma).
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal result mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy