Skip to content

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein levels that may suggest conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
49639-8
Short code
Prot C/Fact X PPP
Synonyms
Prot C/Fact X PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on size and electrical charge, revealing distinct bands corresponding to albumin, globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma fractions), and other proteins. These bands can indicate shifts in protein composition due to disease or treatment effects.

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to evaluate conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, nephrotic syndrome, or chronic liver disease. It also helps monitor protein disorders or response to therapies like chemotherapy.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum (liquid part after clotting) is then separated and analyzed using electrophoresis to create a protein profile.

Common Conditions Monitored

Abnormal protein patterns may signal conditions such as immune system disorders (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy), kidney dysfunction, or metabolic disorders. High or low levels of specific proteins can also guide treatment decisions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
It shows the relative amounts of different protein types in your blood, displayed as bands on an electrophoresis result. These bands help identify whether protein levels are elevated or reduced in specific fractions (e.g., albumin, globulins) and may point to underlying health issues.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special preparation is needed for this test. However, inform your provider about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as they may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy