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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Fractionated)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and electrical charge. It helps identify patterns that may indicate conditions affecting protein production or breakdown.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor conditions linked to abnormal protein levels."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
48811-4
Short code
Protein fractions 3 Pnl SerPl
Synonyms
Protein fractions 3 Pnl SerPl
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if they suspect conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, multiple myeloma, or other disorders that alter protein composition. It’s also used to check for signs of malnutrition or certain autoimmune diseases.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is taken, and the serum (liquid part) is separated and placed on a gel. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to move toward the opposite charge. After staining, the proteins form bands that are analyzed to identify their relative amounts.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications or conditions that might affect results, such as recent infections or severe dehydration.

What the Results Mean

Results show the distribution of proteins across different regions (e.g., albumin, globulins, alpha, beta, gamma fractions). Abnormal patterns may signal underlying health issues that require further testing or medical evaluation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal protein fractions in blood tests?
Abnormal protein patterns can result from conditions like kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), liver disease, infections, or certain cancers (e.g., multiple myeloma). Lifestyle factors, such as malnutrition or chronic inflammation, may also play a role.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will discuss findings with you during your follow-up visit.
Can diet or medications affect protein electrophoresis results?
Yes, certain foods (e.g., high-protein diets), medications (e.g., steroids, chemotherapy), or chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes) may influence protein levels. Always inform your doctor about all medications or dietary changes before testing.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy