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Protein Electrophoresis on Serum/Plasma (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or multiple myeloma.

Quick summary

["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
101909-0
Short code
Protein mono pnl Ur
Synonyms
Protein mono pnl Ur
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on their size and electrical charge. Key protein bands include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like nephrotic syndrome, monoclonal gammopathy, or chronic inflammation.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn, usually from your arm. The serum or plasma is placed on a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate to different positions. Results are visually assessed for band patterns.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test to investigate symptoms like swelling, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or to evaluate kidney function, liver disease, or autoimmune disorders.

What Does the Test Result Mean?

Results show the relative amounts of each protein band. Abnormal patterns (e.g., a spike in one band) may require further testing or medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why do I need this test if my blood tests seem normal?
Some conditions affecting proteins may not show up in routine blood tests. Electrophoresis provides a detailed look at protein composition, which can reveal subtle abnormalities that require further investigation.
What are the common causes of abnormal protein electrophoresis results?
Abnormal results may be linked to conditions such as multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), kidney disease (elevated albumin or globulins), liver disease (altered protein synthesis), or chronic infections/inflammations.
How long does it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Follow up with your healthcare provider for interpretation and next steps.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy