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24-Hour Urinary Protein-to-Nitrogen Ratio

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures how much protein appears in your urine over 24 hours relative to the amount of nitrogen excreted, helping assess kidney function and protein loss.

Quick summary

["Helps detect kidney issues by tracking protein loss in urine over a full day."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
2860-5
Short code
Prot Nitrogen 24h Ur-mRate
Synonyms
Prot Nitrogen 24h Ur-mRate
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Your kidneys normally filter waste and excess substances from your blood, including proteins. If they’re damaged, proteins may leak into your urine. This test helps identify whether protein is being lost in your urine, which can signal kidney problems like chronic kidney disease or other conditions.

How the Test Works

You’ll collect all your urine for a full 24-hour period (typically from one morning to the next). The lab then analyzes the combined sample to compare protein levels to nitrogen waste, which comes from breaking down foods and body tissues.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to drink extra fluids to help your kidneys produce urine throughout the day. Wear a collection container or use a special urine collection kit provided by your healthcare team.

What to Expect During the Test

You’ll collect every drop of urine for 24 hours, including during sleep. Some hospitals provide a kit with a container and instructions to simplify the process.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

24h Urine Protein-to-Nitrogen Ratio

Frequently asked questions

What causes a high protein-to-nitrogen ratio in urine?
High ratios may be linked to kidney diseases (such as glomerulonephritis or diabetic kidney disease), urinary tract infections, or conditions causing protein loss (e.g., certain cancers or autoimmune disorders). Always discuss results with your doctor to determine the cause.
How often should this test be repeated?
Your doctor may recommend repeating this test if initial results are abnormal or if you have symptoms like swelling, fatigue, or changes in urine appearance. Follow-up may depend on your overall health and kidney function.
Can diet affect this test?
Yes, high-protein diets or certain medications (like NSAIDs) may temporarily alter urine protein levels. Your doctor may advise dietary adjustments or timing the test around specific meals to avoid interference.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy