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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and charge, to help identify abnormalities in protein distribution.

Quick summary

["Helps diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems by checking protein patterns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
18345-9
Short code
Prot S Ag/Fact VII Ag PPP
Synonyms
Prot S Ag/Fact VII Ag PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
coag
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and size. Key protein groups include albumin (fast-moving), alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and immunoglobulins (slow-moving). Abnormal bands may indicate conditions like infections, cancers, or metabolic disorders.

Why Is This Test Done?

A protein electrophoresis is often ordered to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or signs of organ dysfunction. It may also be used as part of a routine evaluation for certain blood disorders or genetic conditions.

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum is separated and prepared for electrophoresis. The sample is placed in an electric field, causing proteins to migrate toward the positive electrode. After separation, the proteins are stained to visualize distinct bands.

Common Conditions Evaluated

This test can help detect conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), chronic liver disease, kidney disease, or inflammatory diseases. It may also be used to monitor treatment responses in certain disorders.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
It shows the pattern of proteins in your blood, including the presence, absence, or abnormal levels of specific protein bands. These patterns can reveal underlying health issues like infections, cancers, or organ problems.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times and whether additional confirmatory tests are needed.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special diet is required, but inform your healthcare provider about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy