Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Green (BCG) Dye Binding Assay

What This Test Measures

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into bands based on size and charge. The BCG dye binds to proteins, allowing for precise quantification of each fraction. This helps detect conditions affecting protein production or breakdown, such as kidney disease, liver issues, or certain cancers.

Why It’s Ordered

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or chronic liver disease. It’s also used as part of routine monitoring for patients with known protein-related disorders.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is processed to separate serum or plasma, which is then analyzed using electrophoresis with the BCG dye. This process takes place in a lab and results are usually available within 24–48 hours.

Interpretation of Results

The test produces a pattern of bands representing different protein groups. Abnormal patterns may indicate too much or too little of certain proteins, which can signal underlying health issues. Your doctor will compare these results to your clinical picture and other tests to make a diagnosis.