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Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, which helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors check for protein imbalances that could indicate underlying health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
32551-4
Short code
Prot ?Tm Ur Qn
Synonyms
Prot ?Tm Ur Qn
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions—such as albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins—using an electric field. Each fraction reflects the body’s protein composition, which can vary with health conditions.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, kidney disease, liver disease, or inflammatory disorders. It can also help assess protein malnutrition or detect unusual protein patterns.

Common Uses in Healthcare

This test is often used alongside other blood tests to guide treatment decisions, especially in cases where protein levels or patterns suggest a systemic issue.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm, and the serum (liquid part) is analyzed in a lab using electrophoresis to separate proteins for evaluation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Protein electrophoresis is critical for identifying conditions affecting protein synthesis, storage, or clearance. Abnormal patterns may reveal hidden diseases, guide therapy adjustments, or confirm diagnoses like monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma).

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What could cause abnormal protein levels in this test?
Abnormal results may indicate conditions such as kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), infections, or certain cancers (e.g., lymphoma). Always discuss findings with your healthcare provider.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times.
Do I need to prepare for this test?
No special preparation is needed, but avoid heavy meals or alcohol 24 hours before testing if instructed by your doctor.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy