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Protein Electrophoresis, Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors spot unusual protein patterns that could signal serious health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
27298-9
Short code
Prot Ur-aCnc
Synonyms
Prot Ur-aCnc
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Protein electrophoresis splits blood serum into fractions based on molecular weight and electrical charge. Common bands include albumin (fast-moving), alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins (slowest). Abnormal spikes or dips may appear in these bands.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Doctors use protein electrophoresis to diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (altered globulin levels), or kidney disease (proteinuria). It’s also used for monitoring treatment responses.

How Is This Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn, and serum is separated. The sample is placed in an electric field and runs through a gel, separating proteins by size. Results are read as bands or peaks on an electrophoretic pattern.

What Could Abnormal Results Mean?

Abnormal patterns may show high levels of specific proteins (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy in multiple myeloma) or altered ratios (e.g., low albumin with liver/kidney disease). Always discuss results with your doctor.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a 'spike' or 'band' on the electrophoresis result mean?
A spike or band may indicate an abnormal protein, such as a monoclonal protein (seen in multiple myeloma) or a marker of liver/kidney dysfunction. Your doctor will interpret these findings in context with your symptoms and other tests.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your healthcare provider to discuss findings.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special preparation is needed. However, avoid alcohol 24 hours before testing, as it may affect protein levels. Always check with your doctor for specific instructions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy