Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) in Serum by Mass Concentration (Quantitative)

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order PSA testing to check for prostate cancer, especially if you have symptoms like frequent urination, pain in the pelvic area, or an enlarged prostate. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in prostate cancer patients or screen high-risk individuals. Sometimes, PSA is checked during routine check-ups or after prostate procedures.

What Does a High PSA Level Mean?

A high PSA level doesn’t always mean prostate cancer, but it can signal inflammation, infection, or other prostate issues. For example, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostatitis may raise PSA, while cancer can too. Your doctor will consider your symptoms, medical history, and other test results to interpret results accurately.

What Does a Low PSA Level Mean?

Low PSA levels are less common and may suggest a smaller prostate, certain medications affecting PSA, or conditions like benign prostate hyperplasia. However, very low levels can also raise concerns, so doctors will evaluate results in context with other factors.

How Is This Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is sent to a lab, where it’s processed to separate serum (the liquid part after clotting). The PSA protein in the serum is then measured using advanced lab techniques to determine its concentration.