Protein Electrophoresis, Serum
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.
["This test helps doctors check for protein imbalances that could signal underlying health issues."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 40090-3
- Short code
- PT 1h p chal PPP
- Synonyms
- PT 1h p chal PPP
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- plasma
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 44
- Ref high
- 147
- Critical range
- — – 5 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- coag-tissue-factor-induced
- CPT
- 84075
- SNOMED
- 27550007
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Are Measured?
Serum protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions, including albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. These fractions can reveal patterns that may suggest conditions like multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or other immune system disorders.
Why Is This Test Done?
Doctors may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein levels, such as kidney disease, liver disease, or certain cancers. It can also help assess protein loss in urine (proteinuria) or evaluate immune system function.
Sample Preparation and Collection
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum (the liquid part after clotting) for testing. Avoid alcohol or strenuous activity 24 hours before the test to ensure accurate results.
What to Expect During the Test
The blood draw typically takes a few minutes. You may feel slight discomfort, but most people tolerate it well. The serum is then analyzed using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge.
Reference range
Adult: 44-147 U/LN/A
No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal protein patterns can signal serious conditions. For example, elevated gamma-globulins may indicate multiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorders, while low albumin could suggest liver disease or malnutrition. This test is critical for diagnosing and managing these conditions early.
Short name
Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What causes abnormal protein levels in serum?
How long does it take to get results?
Can diet affect this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy