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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down and is processed by the liver for excretion.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps your liver remove waste and keeps your skin and eyes from turning yellow if levels are too high."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40094-5
Short code
PT 4h p chal PPP
Synonyms
PT 4h p chal PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Ref low
44
Ref high
147
Critical range
— – 5 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
coag-tissue-factor-induced
CPT
84075
SNOMED
27550007
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test May Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for liver disease, bile duct blockages, or other conditions that affect how bilirubin is processed. It can also help diagnose jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) or monitor treatment for conditions like hemolytic anemia or hepatitis.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if your lab requires it. Bring your lab results and any medications you’re currently taking to your appointment.

How the Test Is Performed

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm by a healthcare professional. The blood is sent to a lab, where it’s analyzed to measure bilirubin levels using a chemical method that detects its concentration.

What the Results Mean

High bilirubin levels may indicate liver problems, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or blockages in the bile ducts. Low levels are usually normal but can sometimes signal conditions like liver disease or certain genetic disorders.

Reference range

Adult: 44-147 U/LN/A

Specimen: plasma

No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin can result from liver disease, bile duct issues, red blood cell breakdown (hemolysis), or certain medications. If your levels are high, your provider may recommend further tests to identify the cause.
How often should I get this test?
Your provider will determine how often you need this test based on your health condition. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have chronic liver disease, jaundice, or other related conditions.
Can diet affect bilirubin levels?
Dietary changes alone won’t directly alter bilirubin levels, but certain foods (like excessive alcohol or high-fat meals) may influence liver function indirectly. Always follow your provider’s advice for dietary recommendations.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy