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Serum/plasma protein electrophoresis (SPEP) with bromocresol purple dye binding

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis and a dye that reacts with specific protein fractions.

Quick summary

["SPEP helps identify protein patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma or other protein disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40088-7
Short code
PT BS PPP
Synonyms
PT BS PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Ref low
0.8
Ref high
1.2
Critical range
— – 5 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
coag-tissue-factor-induced
CPT
85610
SNOMED
396252006
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What SPEP Tests for

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on size and charge. The bromocresol purple dye binds to albumin and globulin fractions, allowing for visual differentiation of protein components. This helps detect abnormalities in protein distribution, such as elevated or low levels of specific protein types.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order SPEP to investigate symptoms like unexplained fatigue, frequent infections, or signs of bone pain. It’s also used as part of screening for conditions like multiple myeloma, where abnormal protein production is common.

Common Uses

SPEP is often used alongside urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP) to diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein levels in blood and urine, such as kidney diseases or plasma cell disorders.

Sample Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The blood is then separated into serum or plasma for testing. This test requires no special preparation, but fasting may be advised for related tests.

Reference range

INR: 0.8-1.2 (warfarin: 2.0-3.0)N/A

Specimen: plasma

Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

SPEP

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results?
Results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
What does an abnormal SPEP result mean?
An abnormal SPEP may show unusual bands or shifts in protein distribution. For example, a spike in one area could indicate a condition like multiple myeloma, while a general protein pattern shift might suggest chronic inflammation or kidney issues. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Can I prepare for this test?
No special preparation is needed for SPEP. However, if you’re also having other blood tests, your provider may advise fasting or avoiding certain medications. Always follow your provider’s instructions for the full testing day.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy