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Protein Electrophoresis, Serum (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Electrophoresis helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
42638-7
Short code
PT PPP
Synonyms
PT PPP
Category
chemistry
Sample
plasma
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA) or Green-top (Heparin)
Units
N/A
Ref low
0.8
Ref high
1.2
Critical range
— – 5 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
coag-tissue-factor-induced-saline
CPT
85610
SNOMED
396252006
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Being Evaluated?

Electrophoresis splits proteins into bands corresponding to albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands or shifts may indicate underlying health issues.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn and placed in a gel medium. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. The resulting pattern is analyzed for protein distribution.

When Might This Test Be Ordered?

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or signs of organ dysfunction (e.g., liver or kidney disease). It’s also used in diagnosing conditions like multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy.

What Does the Result Mean?

Results show the relative amounts of each protein band. A spike in one band (e.g., M-spike) may suggest a monoclonal protein disorder, while altered albumin/globulin ratios could indicate inflammation or liver/kidney issues.

Reference range

INR: 0.8-1.2 (warfarin: 2.0-3.0)N/A

Specimen: plasma

Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why was I asked to have this test?
Your doctor may have ordered this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained fatigue, weight changes, or lab findings suggestive of protein abnormalities in your blood.
What does an abnormal result mean?
An abnormal result may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal protein), liver disease (altered albumin/globulin ratios), or other disorders affecting protein production or breakdown. Your doctor will discuss next steps with you.
How long will it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24–48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will contact you once they’re ready for review.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy