Protein Electrophoresis, Serum
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and globulins, which help your body function properly. It helps identify conditions affecting protein balance.
["This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain blood disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 44136-0
- Short code
- PT W RNC IV
- Synonyms
- PT W RNC IV
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0.8
- Ref high
- 1.2
- Critical range
- — – 5 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- pt
- CPT
- 85610
- SNOMED
- 396252006
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Does This Test Measure?
Your blood contains several types of proteins, each with specific roles. The test separates these proteins based on size and charge, revealing patterns that can signal underlying health issues. Key proteins include albumin (which supports blood volume and helps transport nutrients) and globulins (which include antibodies for immunity and proteins like transferrin for iron transport).
Why Might You Need This Test?
Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like swelling, fatigue, unexplained weight changes, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems. It’s also used to monitor chronic conditions like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
How Is the Test Performed?
A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum (liquid part of blood after clotting) is then analyzed using gel electrophoresis, which separates proteins by size and charge for detailed examination.
What Are Common Findings?
Abnormal patterns may show high or low levels of specific proteins. For example, a spike in one protein band might indicate a disorder like monoclonal gammopathy, while a low albumin level could signal liver or kidney disease. Results are interpreted by a healthcare provider.
Reference range
INR: 0.8-1.2 (warfarin: 2.0-3.0)N/A
Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
This test provides critical insights into protein imbalances that can indicate systemic diseases. For instance, detecting abnormal protein bands may reveal hidden cancers, immune disorders, or metabolic issues. Early identification allows for timely treatment adjustments, such as managing protein-losing conditions or monitoring chronic diseases.
Short name
Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does a protein electrophoresis test measure?
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy