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Protein Electrophoresis on Serum (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum, often used to identify abnormalities in protein levels, such as those seen in conditions like multiple myeloma or liver disease.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor protein-related disorders by analyzing protein bands in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
22445-1
Short code
PV1 Ab Titr CSF
Synonyms
PV1 Ab Titr CSF
Category
chemistry
Sample
csf
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
1-2 mL
Stability
Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
Hemolysis max
200
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on size and electrical charge. This helps identify patterns that may indicate specific health conditions, such as abnormal protein spikes or deficiencies.

Common Uses and Indications

Doctors may order this test when they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma (cancer affecting plasma cells), liver or kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in these conditions.

Sample Preparation and Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum portion (liquid after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab using electrophoresis to separate proteins.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications or conditions that might affect results, such as recent infections or dehydration.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Abnormal protein patterns can signal conditions like multiple myeloma (e.g., monoclonal spikes), liver disease (e.g., alpha-1 antitrypsin levels), or kidney problems (e.g., proteinuria). Low albumin levels may indicate malnutrition or liver/kidney issues, while high globulin levels could suggest inflammation or autoimmune diseases.

Short name

Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qual)

Frequently asked questions

Why might I need this test?
Your doctor may recommend it if they suspect a protein-related disorder, such as multiple myeloma, liver disease, or an autoimmune condition. It’s also used to check protein levels during treatment for these conditions.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on lab processing times.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special diet is required, but avoid alcohol for 24 hours before the test if possible, as it may affect protein levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy