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Protein Electrophoresis, Serum (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other blood disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
24170-3
Short code
PV1 NAb sp2 Titr Ser Nt
Synonyms
PV1 NAb sp2 Titr Ser Nt
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
neut
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is Protein Electrophoresis Used For?

Protein electrophoresis helps doctors detect and monitor conditions by analyzing how proteins move through a gel under an electric field. This can reveal unusual protein bands that might indicate problems with protein production, such as in blood cancers or liver/kidney disorders.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm, and the serum (liquid part of blood) is separated and placed on a specialized gel. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. After staining, bands representing different protein types appear.

Preparation and Sample Collection

No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your doctor’s instructions. The test is typically done in a lab using a small needle to draw blood from your vein.

What Are Common Results and Findings?

Results show distinct bands corresponding to albumin, globulins (including immunoglobulins), and other proteins. Abnormal bands (e.g., M-spikes in multiple myeloma) or shifts in protein ratios may signal underlying health issues.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Why It Matters

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might my doctor order this test?
Your doctor may recommend protein electrophoresis to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or signs of blood disorders. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in conditions like multiple myeloma or autoimmune diseases.
What does an abnormal result mean?
An abnormal result could indicate conditions like multiple myeloma (extra protein bands), liver disease (altered albumin/globulin ratios), or other metabolic disorders. Your doctor will discuss findings with you and may recommend further testing.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health condition. If you have a known disorder (e.g., multiple myeloma), your doctor may schedule regular follow-ups. Otherwise, it’s usually ordered as needed for specific symptoms or investigations.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy