Protein Electrophoresis, Serum (Free Light Chains)

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, or unexplained infections, or if you have a known condition such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or other blood disorders. It may also be used to monitor treatment progress or check for complications like kidney issues.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You’ll typically have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw a blood sample. The process is quick and usually painless. If you’re on blood-thinning medication, let your provider know before the test.

What the Results Mean

Results show the concentration of free light chains (kappa and lambda) in your blood. Abnormal levels can indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or other immune system or kidney diseases. Your provider will discuss the results with you in the context of your overall health.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), lymphoma, or other blood disorders. It can also help assess kidney function or detect hidden protein abnormalities in the blood.