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Colonoscopy with Colonoscopic Evaluation of Colonic Mucosa (Visual Inspection and Biopsy)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test involves a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is passed through your rectum and into your colon to examine the lining for abnormalities, such as polyps, inflammation, or signs of disease. Biopsies (small tissue samples) may also be taken for further testing.

Quick summary

["A colonoscopy helps detect and prevent serious conditions by closely inspecting your colon and rectum."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
111867-8
Short code
Reached area Colon Colonoscopy
Synonyms
Reached area Colon Colonoscopy
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
colonoscopy
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What to Expect Before the Procedure

You’ll likely receive a sedative to help you relax during the procedure. Your doctor may instruct you to follow a clear-liquid diet for a day or two before the test to prepare your colon. Avoid smoking and heavy exertion for 24 hours beforehand. Bring someone with you to drive you home after the procedure, as you may feel groggy.

During the Procedure

The procedure usually takes 30 minutes to a few hours. You’ll lie on your side with your hips raised. The doctor inserts a colonoscope through your rectum and slowly advances it through your colon. They may take small tissue samples (biopsies) if needed. You may feel mild discomfort or cramping but should not feel pain.

After the Procedure

You’ll be monitored for a short time in a recovery area before being allowed to go home. You may experience mild bloating, gas, or discomfort for a day or two. Avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for 24 hours. Follow your doctor’s instructions on diet and hydration.

Why This Test Is Done

A colonoscopy is often recommended to screen for colorectal cancer, detect signs of inflammatory bowel disease (like Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis), investigate unexplained changes in bowel habits, or monitor conditions such as polyps or bleeding in the colon.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Colonoscopy

Frequently asked questions

How long will I need to prepare for this test?
Preparation typically involves following a clear-liquid diet for a day or two before the procedure and possibly taking a laxative or enema as directed by your doctor. You may also need to avoid certain medications or activities. Follow your healthcare provider’s specific instructions to ensure the best results.
Will I feel pain during the colonoscopy?
You’ll likely feel mild discomfort or cramping, but you’ll be given a sedative to help you relax and stay comfortable. Most patients do not feel pain during the procedure. You may feel some pressure or bloating afterward, but this is usually temporary.
Can I eat or drink before the procedure?
You’ll need to follow a clear-liquid diet for 1–2 days before the test. Avoid solid foods and certain liquids like milk or red liquids. Your doctor will provide specific guidelines based on your health status and the type of preparation required.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy