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Serum/plasma concentration of total bilirubin

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

["Your bilirubin levels can signal liver or bile flow issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
23409-6
Short code
RPV NAb Titr Ser Nt
Synonyms
RPV NAb Titr Ser Nt
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
neut
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Bilirubin is normally processed by your liver and excreted in bile. High levels can indicate problems such as liver disease, gallbladder issues, or hemolytic anemia (where red blood cells break down too quickly). Low levels may suggest liver dysfunction or certain genetic conditions.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test, depending on your doctor’s instructions. Bring any medications you’re currently taking, as some (like certain pain relievers) can affect results. Avoid alcohol and heavy meals before testing.

How the Test Is Performed

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is sent to a lab where bilirubin levels are measured using a specialized test. No special preparation is needed beyond fasting if required.

Possible Results and Their Meaning

Results are typically reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Elevated levels may suggest liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or hemolysis. Very low levels could indicate liver disease or genetic disorders. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin often results from liver disease (e.g., hepatitis), gallbladder problems (e.g., gallstones blocking bile flow), or conditions that cause red blood cells to break down too quickly (e.g., anemia). It can also appear in newborns due to immature liver function.
What causes low bilirubin?
Low bilirubin is less common but may occur in people with liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), certain genetic disorders (e.g., Gilbert’s syndrome), or severe malnutrition. It’s important to discuss symptoms with your doctor, as very low levels can sometimes indicate underlying issues.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health history, symptoms, and other tests. Regular monitoring may be recommended if you have liver disease, a history of jaundice, or other conditions affecting bilirubin metabolism.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy