Respiratory Syncytial Virus RNA, Nasopharyngeal Specimen, Qualitative

What This Test Measures

The test looks for RNA from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a common virus that infects the lungs and breathing passages. A sample is collected from the nasopharyngeal area (the upper part of the throat behind the nose) using a swab. The test is qualitative, meaning it reports whether RSV RNA is present or not, rather than giving a count.

Why Your Provider Ordered It

Your provider may order this test when you or your child have symptoms such as cough, wheezing, runny nose, or fever, especially during RSV season. It is often used to distinguish RSV from other respiratory infections, to guide care for infants, older adults, or people with weakened immune systems, and to help with infection control decisions in hospitals or clinics.

How the Sample Is Collected

A healthcare professional collects the sample by inserting a specialized swab into the nostril and reaching the back of the nasopharynx, then gently rotating and removing it. This can feel briefly uncomfortable and may cause a tickle, tearing, or a sneeze. The swab is then sent to the laboratory for testing.

Understanding Your Results

A "detected" or positive result means RSV RNA was found, suggesting an active infection. A "not detected" or negative result means RSV RNA was not found at the time of testing, though a negative result does not always rule out infection. Results should always be interpreted together with your symptoms and other clinical information by your healthcare provider.