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Saliva Shigella and *Escherichia coli* (E. coli) O157:H7 Detection by Culture

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the presence of *Shigella* bacteria or *E. coli* O157:H7 in your saliva, which may indicate an infection linked to food, water, or poor hygiene.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose gastrointestinal infections that can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, or fever."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
48806-4
Short code
Salm+Shig+E coli ETEC Stl Cult
Synonyms
Salm+Shig+E coli ETEC Stl Cult
Category
chemistry
Sample
stool
Container
Clean container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
organism-specific-culture
Specimen volume
5 g
Stability
Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like persistent diarrhea, bloody stools, fever, or abdominal cramps, especially after exposure to contaminated food or water. It’s also used in outbreaks or when other tests are inconclusive.

How the Test Works

A small sample of your saliva is collected and cultured to identify specific bacteria. The lab grows these bacteria in controlled conditions to confirm their presence.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may rinse your mouth with water before providing the sample to avoid contamination. Avoid eating or drinking for 30 minutes before testing if instructed.

What to Expect During the Test

The test involves swabbing your mouth to collect saliva. It’s quick and painless, similar to a throat swab. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Positive results for *Shigella* or *E. coli* O157:H7 indicate a bacterial infection that requires prompt treatment with antibiotics (if appropriate) and supportive care like fluids. Early diagnosis helps prevent complications like dehydration or kidney issues.

Short name

Saliva Culture for Infectious Bacteria

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results?
Results typically take 3–7 days, depending on the lab’s processing time. Your provider will contact you once results are available.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means the bacteria were detected in your saliva. This suggests an active infection that may require medical attention, including antibiotics or further testing.
Can I take antibiotics before the test?
No, antibiotics may interfere with the test. If you suspect an infection, inform your provider before taking any medications to avoid misleading results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy