Serum Oxygen Saturation (SaO₂) and Blood Carbon Monoxide (CO) Analysis

What Does This Test Measure?

The test includes two key measurements: **Serum oxygen saturation (SaO₂)**, which reflects the percentage of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in your blood, and **carbon monoxide levels**, which indicate exposure to this toxic gas. Oxygen saturation is typically measured using a blood gas analysis, while carbon monoxide levels are detected through a specialized immunoassay or chemical method.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like shortness of breath, dizziness, or headache—common signs of low oxygen or carbon monoxide poisoning. It’s also used in monitoring patients with lung conditions (e.g., COPD, asthma) or those exposed to smoke or fumes.

What to Expect During the Test

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is processed to measure oxygen saturation and carbon monoxide levels. Results are typically ready within a few hours to a day, depending on lab methods.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

Low oxygen saturation may signal lung disease, anemia, or high altitude. Elevated carbon monoxide levels often point to accidental exposure (e.g., car exhaust, fires) or intentional poisoning. Both conditions require prompt medical attention.