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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection in Upper Respiratory Specimen (Qualitative Probe-Based PCR)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the genetic material of the virus that causes COVID-19 in a sample taken from your upper respiratory tract, such as your nose or throat.

Quick summary

["It helps determine if you may have an active COVID-19 infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
96957-6
Short code
SARS-CoV-2 M gene Upper resp Ql NAA+prb
Synonyms
SARS-CoV-2 M gene Upper resp Ql NAA+prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses a specialized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect the virus’s genetic material (RNA) in your sample. A lab technician or machine amplifies and analyzes small amounts of this genetic material to confirm the presence of SARS-CoV-2.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a sample collected using a swab from your nose or throat. The swab is placed in a special container, and the sample is sent to a lab for testing. No special preparation is needed, but inform your healthcare provider if you’re taking certain medications that might affect test results.

What to Expect After the Test

Results are typically available within 24 to 72 hours, depending on lab processing times. You’ll receive a written report with your results, which your healthcare provider will discuss with you.

When This Test Is Needed

This test is commonly used for COVID-19 screening, especially in asymptomatic individuals or those with symptoms like a fever, cough, or difficulty breathing. It may also be used in settings like schools, workplaces, or travel to monitor for infection.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

SARS-CoV-2 PCR Test (Upper Respiratory)

Frequently asked questions

How Accurate Is This Test?
This test is highly sensitive and specific when performed correctly, but like all diagnostic tests, it has a small chance of false results. If you test negative but still feel unwell, consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation.
What If I Get a Positive Result?
A positive result means you likely have COVID-19. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for isolation, treatment, and monitoring. You may need to stay home, avoid contact with others, and seek medical care if symptoms worsen.
Can I Get This Test at Home?
Some at-home COVID-19 tests detect the virus’s genetic material but are typically less sensitive than lab-based PCR tests. If you’re unsure about the type of test you’re using, check with your healthcare provider or lab for clarity.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy