SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) on Saliva
This test checks for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in your saliva to help determine if you have COVID-19.
["A saliva-based COVID-19 test that detects the virus’s genetic material for infection screening or confirmation."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 96091-4
- Short code
- SARS-CoV-2 RdRp Sal Ql NAA+probe
- Synonyms
- SARS-CoV-2 RdRp Sal Ql NAA+probe
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0
- Ref high
- 4
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- probe-amp-tar
- CPT
- 84153
- SNOMED
- 39392002
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
How the Test Works
The test uses a special probe designed to target a specific region of the SARS-CoV-2 virus’s RNA sequence. When your saliva sample is analyzed, the machine detects if this genetic material is present, indicating a possible infection. Results are generated in real-time during testing.
What to Expect Before the Test
You may be asked to rinse your mouth with water and then spit into a collection tube. Some facilities may provide a swab for oral collection. Follow any specific instructions your healthcare provider gives you to ensure accurate results.
When You Might Need This Test
This test is often used for initial COVID-19 screening, especially in asymptomatic individuals or those with mild symptoms. It may also be used for routine monitoring in high-risk settings like healthcare facilities, schools, or community testing programs.
What the Results Mean
A positive result means the virus’s genetic material was detected in your saliva, suggesting you may be infected with COVID-19. A negative result means the virus was not detected at the time of testing, but this does not always rule out infection if testing was done too early. Follow-up testing may be recommended.
Reference range
Normal: <4.0 ng/mLN/A
No special preparation required. For PSA, avoid sexual activity for 24-48 hours before the test.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance: This test plays a critical role in identifying active COVID-19 infections by detecting the virus’s genetic material. Early detection helps guide isolation measures, treatment decisions, and public health interventions to control the spread of the virus. Results should be interpreted alongside clinical symptoms and medical history.
Short name
SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Saliva Test
Frequently asked questions
Why did my healthcare provider choose this saliva test over others?
Can a negative result mean I don’t have COVID-19?
How soon after exposure can I get a positive test result?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy