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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Probe Test (RNA Detection)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for genetic material from the virus that causes COVID-19 in your sample. It helps determine if you have an active infection.

Quick summary

["A COVID-19 RNA test may be used to diagnose active infection or guide treatment decisions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94565-9
Short code
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Nph Ql NAA+n-prb
Synonyms
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Nph Ql NAA+n-prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
non-probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test detects the virus’s RNA (ribonucleic acid) using a specialized probe. This probe binds to unique genetic sequences found only in the SARS-CoV-2 virus, allowing for precise identification when present in your sample.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may receive instructions to avoid certain activities (like recent travel or close contact with someone with COVID-19) or to refrain from certain medications. Follow your healthcare provider’s guidance to ensure accurate results.

Sample Collection and Processing

A healthcare professional will collect a sample, typically from your nasal or throat swab. The sample is then processed in a lab to extract and analyze the virus’s RNA.

When the Test Might Be Ordered

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms of COVID-19, have been exposed to someone with the virus, or are required for travel, work, or school purposes. It may also be used for monitoring in high-risk settings.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Positive results indicate an active COVID-19 infection and may guide treatment, isolation, or quarantine decisions. Negative results suggest no detectable virus at the time of testing, but they do not guarantee you are no longer contagious. Results should be interpreted alongside clinical symptoms and medical history.

Short name

SARS-CoV-2 RNA Test

Frequently asked questions

Why might I need this test?
Your doctor may order this test to diagnose COVID-19, assess exposure risk, or monitor symptoms in a high-risk situation.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means the test detected genetic material from the SARS-CoV-2 virus, suggesting you may have an active infection. Follow your healthcare provider’s advice on next steps, such as isolation or treatment.
Can I get this test at home?
Some at-home tests detect viral RNA, but they are not the same as lab-based tests. Always confirm with your provider whether a specific at-home test meets your healthcare needs.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy