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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Test (RNA) by Qualitative Probe-Based PCR

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects genetic material from the virus that causes COVID-19. It helps determine if you have an active infection.

Quick summary

["This test checks for the virus responsible for COVID-19 to guide treatment and safety decisions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94309-2
Short code
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Spec Ql NAA+probe
Synonyms
SARS-CoV-2 RNA Spec Ql NAA+probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses a special probe to identify the virus’s genetic material (RNA) in a sample collected from your respiratory system. This is done through a process called Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which amplifies and detects the virus’s presence.

Sample Collection

A nasal or throat swab is taken to collect a sample of respiratory secretions. This sample is then processed in a lab to detect the virus’s RNA.

When You Might Need This Test

You may need this test if you have symptoms of COVID-19, have been exposed to someone with the virus, or are required for travel, work, or school purposes. It is also used to confirm a diagnosis in suspected cases.

What to Expect During Testing

The test is typically done at a healthcare facility or testing site. You will be instructed to provide a sample, usually via a swab. Results are usually available within 24 hours, depending on the lab’s processing time.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is critical for identifying active COVID-19 infections. Positive results indicate the presence of the virus and may guide isolation, treatment, and contact tracing efforts. Negative results suggest no active virus is detected, but they do not rule out past infection or immunity.

Short name

COVID-19 RNA Test

Frequently asked questions

How soon after exposure can I get tested?
Results may take time to process, often within 24 hours, but some labs provide results sooner. Symptoms may appear 2–14 days after exposure, so testing early can help catch infections before symptoms develop.
What if my test is positive?
A positive result means you likely have an active COVID-19 infection. Follow your healthcare provider’s advice for isolation, treatment, and monitoring. This result may also affect your travel or social plans.
Can I still get this test if I’ve already been vaccinated?
Yes, vaccination does not prevent testing for active infection. This test checks for the virus’s presence regardless of vaccination status. It’s important to get tested if you have symptoms or were exposed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy