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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection by Probe-Based Assay (RNA)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects the genetic material (RNA) of the virus responsible for COVID-19. It helps determine if you have an active infection.

Quick summary

["This test checks for the virus that causes COVID-19, often used to diagnose active infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
33975-4
Short code
SARS-CoV Urb RNA Spt Ql NAA+probe
Synonyms
SARS-CoV Urb RNA Spt Ql NAA+probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
sputum
Container
Sterile sputum container
Units
N/A
Ref low
0.8
Ref high
1.2
Critical range
— – 5 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
CPT
85610
SNOMED
396252006
Specimen volume
3-5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses a specialized probe to identify the RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in your sample. It works by detecting specific genetic sequences unique to the virus, confirming whether you are currently infected.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may collect a nasal or throat swab sample, depending on your healthcare provider’s instructions. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.

Sample Collection and Processing

The test uses a nasal or throat swab to collect a sample. This sample is processed to extract viral RNA, which is then analyzed for the presence of the COVID-19 virus.

What the Results Mean

A positive result means you are likely infected with COVID-19 at the time of testing. A negative result does not always rule out infection, especially if you have symptoms or were exposed recently. Follow-up testing or monitoring may be recommended.

Reference range

INR: 0.8-1.2 (warfarin: 2.0-3.0)N/A

Specimen: sputum

Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test is critical for diagnosing active COVID-19 infections, guiding treatment decisions, and controlling outbreaks by identifying individuals who may spread the virus. Results help healthcare providers monitor disease progression and adjust public health measures accordingly.

Short name

COVID-19 RNA Test

Frequently asked questions

Why was I asked to take this test?
You may have been tested for COVID-19 if you have symptoms of the illness, were exposed to someone with COVID-19, or as part of routine screening in certain settings (e.g., healthcare facilities, schools). Your healthcare provider will discuss the reason for testing with you.
What does a positive result mean for my health?
A positive result indicates you are currently infected with COVID-19. You should isolate yourself from others, follow guidance on managing symptoms, and seek medical advice if needed. Treatment may be recommended based on your health status and severity of symptoms.
Can a negative result mean I still have COVID-19?
Yes, a negative result does not always mean you are not infected. The test may not detect the virus if you are in the early stages of infection, have a low viral load, or if the sample was collected too soon after exposure. Follow-up testing may be advised if you develop symptoms or were exposed recently.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy