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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Detection by Probe-Based Assay (RNA)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test checks for the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, using a specialized probe to detect its presence in your sample.

Quick summary

["Helps determine if you have an active COVID-19 infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
33965-5
Short code
SARS-CoV Urb RNA Stl Ql NAA+probe
Synonyms
SARS-CoV Urb RNA Stl Ql NAA+probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
stool
Container
Clean container
Units
N/A
Ref low
10
Ref high
40
Critical range
— – 500 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
CPT
84484
SNOMED
302774002
Specimen volume
5 g
Stability
Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses a molecular method to identify fragments of the virus’s genetic material (RNA). A probe specifically designed to bind to SARS-CoV-2 sequences detects these fragments, confirming infection if present.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may receive a nasal or throat swab to collect a sample. Avoid smoking, alcohol, or certain medications for 24 hours before testing if instructed by your provider.

When This Test Is Used

This test is typically ordered during active illness symptoms (fever, cough, shortness of breath), after exposure to someone with COVID-19, or as part of screening in high-risk settings.

What the Results Mean

A positive result means the virus is detected in your sample, indicating an active infection. A negative result does not rule out infection if symptoms persist or you were exposed recently.

Reference range

Adult: 10-40 U/LN/A

Specimen: stool

No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Positive results guide treatment decisions, isolate infected individuals, and inform public health measures. Negative results help confirm absence of infection but may require retesting if symptoms worsen or exposure continues.

Short name

COVID-19 RNA Test

Frequently asked questions

Why did my provider order this test?
Your provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms of COVID-19, were exposed to someone with the virus, or are in a setting requiring screening (e.g., travel, workplace).
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means you are likely infected with SARS-CoV-2 at the time of testing. Follow your provider’s guidance for next steps, such as isolation and treatment.
Can I get this test at home?
Some at-home tests detect viral RNA, but this specific probe-based assay is typically performed in a clinical lab. Check with your provider for availability of similar tests.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy