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SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid Test (Qualitative, Specimen: Respiratory)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the presence of genetic material from the virus that causes COVID-19 in your respiratory secretions, such as nasal or throat swabs.

Quick summary

Determines if you may have an active COVID-19 infection.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94313-4
Short code
SARS-related CoV N Ct Spec Qn NAA N3
Synonyms
SARS-related CoV N Ct Spec Qn NAA N3
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar-cdc-primer-probe-set-n
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test detects genetic material (RNA) from the SARS-CoV-2 virus using a specialized laboratory method. If the virus is present, the test can identify its genetic signature to confirm infection.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a quick nasal or throat swab. No special preparation is needed, but avoid smoking or using nasal sprays 15–30 minutes before the test.

What to Expect After the Test

Results are typically available within 24–72 hours. If you’re tested as part of a screening or monitoring plan, your healthcare provider will discuss next steps based on the results.

Why This Test Matters

This test helps diagnose active COVID-19 infection, guides treatment decisions, and supports public health efforts to control outbreaks.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test is critical for identifying active SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can inform isolation recommendations, treatment plans, and contact tracing efforts. Results may vary depending on the stage of infection and viral load.

Short name

SARS-CoV-2 RNA Test

Frequently asked questions

Why was I asked to take this test?
You may have been tested due to symptoms of COVID-19, exposure to someone with the virus, or as part of routine screening (e.g., travel, workplace, or community testing).
How long will it take to get my results?
Results are usually ready within 24–72 hours, but timing depends on lab processing and your healthcare provider’s workflow. Ask your provider for an estimated timeline.
Can I get false results if I’ve had COVID-19 before?
While rare, prior infection may slightly affect test sensitivity. If you’ve tested positive before, discuss this with your provider to understand how it may impact your current test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy