Neutrophil count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by automated cell differential

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like severe headaches, neck stiffness, confusion, or fever, which could indicate conditions such as meningitis, brain abscesses, or other infections. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress or investigate unexplained neurological symptoms.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect CSF. This involves lying on your side with your back bent slightly, and a needle is inserted into your lower back to draw fluid. You may feel a brief pinch, but it’s usually over quickly. Recovery is minimal, though you might experience mild soreness or a headache for a day or two.

What the Results Mean

High neutrophil counts in CSF often point to infections (e.g., bacterial meningitis) or inflammatory processes. Very low counts may suggest conditions like Guillain-Barré syndrome or certain autoimmune disorders. Your doctor will interpret results in relation to your symptoms and overall health.

Common Conditions This Test Helps Diagnose

This test is critical for diagnosing infections like bacterial meningitis, abscesses in the brain or spinal cord, or conditions causing inflammation (e.g., sarcoidosis). It can also help rule out other neurological issues, such as multiple sclerosis or certain types of tumors.