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Neutrophil count (absolute, serum/plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your blood. Neutrophils help fight infections.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils are key defenders against bacterial infections; low or high levels may signal health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
98632-3
Short code
Sensory NC Pnl R ulnar n
Synonyms
Sensory NC Pnl R ulnar n
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your doctor may request this test to check for infections, blood disorders, or immune system issues. It’s often used alongside other blood tests to diagnose conditions like leukemia, autoimmune diseases, or severe infections.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm or vein to draw blood. The process usually takes a few minutes, and you may feel a brief pinch.

What the Results Mean

Results are typically reported as a count of neutrophils per microliter of blood. While reference ranges vary by lab, very low counts (below normal) may indicate infection, bone marrow disorders, or immune suppression. Very high counts (above normal) could signal inflammation, infection, or other conditions.

Common Conditions Affecting Neutrophil Levels

Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) can make you more vulnerable to infections, especially bacterial ones. High neutrophil counts (neutrophilia) may suggest chronic inflammation, stress, or certain infections.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)

Frequently asked questions

What does a low neutrophil count mean?
A low neutrophil count can mean your body isn’t producing enough of these cells, which may happen due to medications, genetic disorders, or severe infections. It’s often seen in conditions like aplastic anemia or certain cancers.
What does a high neutrophil count mean?
A high neutrophil count often signals an active infection or inflammation. It can also occur in response to stress, such as severe illness or trauma, or in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your symptoms, medical history, and other tests. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have a chronic condition like leukemia or autoimmune disease.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy