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Shigella Species Detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (Stool)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the presence of Shigella bacteria in your stool using a PCR method, which helps identify infections that may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, or other symptoms.

Quick summary

PCR stool testing can quickly detect Shigella bacteria to guide treatment and prevent spread.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
80350-2
Short code
Shigella sp+EIEC ipaH St NAA+non-probe
Synonyms
Shigella sp+EIEC ipaH St NAA+non-probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
stool
Container
Clean container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
non-probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 g
Stability
Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like persistent diarrhea, bloody stools, fever, or cramping. It’s also used in outbreaks, travel-related illnesses, or when other tests are inconclusive. PCR is highly sensitive and can detect even small amounts of bacteria.

How the Test Works

A small sample of your stool is collected and analyzed in a lab. The PCR process copies and amplifies genetic material from Shigella bacteria, making it easier to detect. This method is faster than traditional culture tests and doesn’t require growing the bacteria in a lab.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may collect a stool sample at home or provide a sample during a clinic visit. If done at home, follow the instructions provided to ensure accuracy.

What to Expect After the Test

Results are typically available within 1–2 days. If Shigella is found, your doctor will determine the best treatment, which often includes antibiotics. If negative, further evaluation may be needed to identify the cause of your symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Shigella is a bacteria that causes severe diarrhea, often with blood, and can lead to dehydration or complications in vulnerable groups like children or the elderly. Early detection with PCR helps prevent spread in communities and ensures prompt treatment to reduce symptoms and prevent severe illness.

Short name

Stool PCR for Shigella

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are usually available within 1–2 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your doctor will contact you once results are ready.
Can I eat or drink before giving a stool sample?
No special preparation is required, but avoid straining or using laxatives. Collecting a sample during normal bowel movements is ideal for accurate results.
Is this test covered by insurance?
Coverage depends on your insurance plan and medical necessity. Check with your provider or insurance company to confirm if this test is included in your benefits.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy