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Total Serum Bilirubin

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

Bilirubin levels can signal liver or bile issues, including jaundice or gallbladder problems.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
61229-1
Short code
Silver Birch (rBet v) 1 IgE/IgE total %
Synonyms
Silver Birch (rBet v) 1 IgE/IgE total %
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Your liver processes bilirubin, a waste product from old red blood cells. If your liver isn’t working well, bilirubin can build up in your blood, leading to yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice). High levels may also indicate gallbladder or bile duct problems. This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor these conditions early.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this blood test. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood, similar to a routine blood draw. If you’re on a blood thinner, let your doctor know before the test.

Possible Causes of Abnormal Results

Elevated bilirubin can result from liver diseases (like hepatitis), red blood cell disorders, or blockages in the bile ducts. Low levels may occur if your liver isn’t producing enough bilirubin, though this is less common. Your doctor will discuss your results in the context of your overall health.

When You Might Need This Test

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like jaundice (yellow skin/eyes), unexplained fatigue, dark urine, pale stools, or if they suspect liver or bile duct problems. It’s also used during pregnancy to monitor for complications like hemolysis (red blood cell breakdown).

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Bilirubin, Total

Frequently asked questions

Could I have jaundice if my bilirubin is high?
Yes, high bilirubin is a key sign of jaundice, but other symptoms like yellowing of the skin or eyes may also appear. Your doctor will evaluate your test results alongside your symptoms and medical history to determine the cause.
What if my bilirubin is low?
Low bilirubin is less common and usually not a cause for concern unless it’s part of a broader evaluation for liver function. Your doctor may check other liver tests to understand why your bilirubin is low.
Do I need to avoid certain foods before this test?
No special diet is required. However, if you’re on medications that affect liver function, let your doctor know before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy