Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates proteins into distinct bands based on their electrical charge and molecular weight. The test looks for abnormal patterns, such as spikes (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy) or shifts in protein bands that may indicate diseases affecting protein production or breakdown.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), Waldenström macroglobulinemia, liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also help track treatment responses.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum or plasma, which is sent to the lab for electrophoresis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on additional tests ordered.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may feel slight discomfort from the needle used to draw blood, but most people tolerate it well. If you’re nervous, let your healthcare provider know—they can offer options like numbing cream or a different vein if needed.