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Protein Electrophoresis on Serum/Plasma (Qualitative or Semi-Quantitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify patterns that may indicate conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
88271-2
Short code
S lugdunensis sodA Bld Pos Ql Probe
Synonyms
S lugdunensis sodA Bld Pos Ql Probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on size and electrical charge, revealing distinct bands corresponding to albumin, globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma fractions), and other proteins. This can highlight abnormalities in protein distribution.

How Is This Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is placed in an electric field. Proteins migrate toward the opposite charge, creating visible bands that are analyzed qualitatively or semi-quantitatively.

Common Uses and Conditions Monitored

This test is used to detect conditions such as multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, liver disease, nephrotic syndrome, or inflammatory disorders. It may also be part of routine screening in certain high-risk groups.

Preparation for the Test

No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on the lab’s protocol. Avoiding certain medications (e.g., steroids) may also be recommended if instructed by your provider.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Protein electrophoresis is critical for diagnosing monoclonal gammopathies (e.g., multiple myeloma), identifying dysproteinemias (abnormal protein levels), and evaluating systemic diseases affecting protein synthesis or clearance. Abnormal patterns can guide treatment decisions or rule out underlying conditions.

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might my doctor order this test?
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swollen joints, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems. It may also be part of a routine evaluation for certain cancers or autoimmune disorders.
What does it mean if my results show unusual protein bands?
Unusual bands or patterns may indicate an abnormal protein, such as a monoclonal spike (seen in myeloma) or elevated globulins (linked to inflammation or immune disorders). Your healthcare provider will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Generally, no special diet is required, but always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. If fasting is advised, avoid food or liquids (except water) for 8–12 hours before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy