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Sperm Morphology Analysis (Qualitative Sperm Abnormality Screening)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test evaluates the shape and structure of sperm cells to identify abnormalities that may affect fertility. It helps determine whether sperm quality is within expected ranges for conception.

Quick summary

["Assesses sperm shape and structure for fertility evaluation."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
15376-7
Short code
Sperm Abnorm NFr Smn
Synonyms
Sperm Abnorm NFr Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

A qualitative analysis of sperm morphology examines the physical characteristics of sperm cells under a microscope. Abnormalities may include irregular shapes (e.g., bent tails, missing heads), fragmented DNA, or other structural defects that can impact fertility.

Why It’s Done

This test is often performed as part of a fertility evaluation, especially if you’re struggling to conceive. It may also be used in cases of unexplained infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or when sperm analysis is part of a broader diagnostic workup.

Sample Collection and Preparation

Sperm is collected through semen analysis, typically via masturbation into a sterile container. The sample is then examined under a microscope by a trained technician to assess the proportion of normally shaped sperm cells (typically ≥4% of total sperm).

What to Expect Before the Test

Avoid ejaculation for 2–3 days before the test to ensure a concentrated sperm sample. Wear loose-fitting underwear and follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Sperm Morphology Screening

Frequently asked questions

Abnormal sperm morphology can indicate underlying issues such as genetic disorders, chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes, infections), or exposure to toxins. While not all abnormalities affect fertility, they may require further investigation or treatment to improve sperm quality.
This test does not provide a definitive diagnosis but helps identify potential fertility concerns that may need additional testing or medical evaluation.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during a follow-up visit.
Can lifestyle changes improve sperm morphology?
Yes, certain lifestyle changes—such as avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing exposure to environmental toxins—may support sperm health and improve morphology.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy