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Sperm Immature Cell Count (Spermatozoa Immature Cell Fraction)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the proportion of immature (non-functional) sperm cells in a semen sample. It helps assess fertility and identify potential issues with sperm maturation.

Quick summary

["Assessing sperm immaturity can help diagnose fertility problems or underlying reproductive health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
48702-5
Short code
Sperm Immature NFr Smn
Synonyms
Sperm Immature NFr Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters for Fertility

Immature sperm cells may not function properly to fertilize an egg. High levels could indicate problems with sperm production, maturation, or transport in the male reproductive system.

How the Test Works

A semen sample is collected and analyzed under a microscope to count immature sperm cells as a percentage of total sperm. This is typically done as part of a broader fertility evaluation.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but avoid ejaculation for 2–3 days before testing. Wear loose clothing and use a clean container for collection.

What the Results Mean

Results are usually expressed as a percentage of immature sperm. While specific reference ranges vary by lab, elevated percentages may suggest conditions like retarded spermatogenesis or hormonal imbalances.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Immature Sperm Count

Frequently asked questions

What causes high immature sperm counts?
Possible causes include genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, infections, or conditions affecting sperm maturation in the testes. Lifestyle factors like smoking, excessive alcohol, or exposure to toxins may also play a role.
Can lifestyle changes improve sperm immaturity?
Yes, certain lifestyle adjustments—such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing alcohol intake, and avoiding environmental toxins—may improve sperm quality over time. Medical treatment may also be recommended if underlying conditions are identified.
Is this test covered by insurance?
Coverage depends on your insurance plan and reason for testing. If this test is part of a fertility evaluation ordered by a healthcare provider, check with your insurer for details.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy