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Sperm Motility Analysis (Semen Analysis: Motility)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test evaluates how well sperm cells move in semen, which is important for fertility. It helps assess whether sperm have sufficient motility to reach and fertilize an egg.

Quick summary

["A sperm motility test checks sperm movement quality for fertility evaluation."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
34657-7
Short code
Sperm Immotile # Smn
Synonyms
Sperm Immotile # Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

This test measures the percentage and speed of sperm cells that are actively moving (motile) in a semen sample. Motility is categorized into different types (e.g., progressive, non-progressive) to determine overall function. The results are often expressed as a percentage of total sperm cells that are motile.

Why Is Motility Important?

Sperm motility is crucial for fertilization because it determines whether sperm can navigate through the cervical mucus, oviduct, and reach the egg. Poor motility can indicate underlying issues like hormonal imbalances, genetic factors, or exposure to toxins.

How Is This Test Performed?

A semen sample is collected through masturbation or direct stimulation (if needed) and analyzed under a microscope. The lab evaluates the movement patterns, speed, and percentage of motile sperm cells over a set time period.

What Are Common Findings?

Results may show normal motility (typically >40% of sperm moving progressively), low motility (fewer motile sperm), or abnormal patterns (e.g., non-progressive movement). Low motility alone doesn’t always indicate infertility, but it may prompt further investigation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Semen Motility Test

Frequently asked questions

What causes low sperm motility?
Low sperm motility can result from genetic factors, hormonal imbalances (e.g., low testosterone), infections, exposure to toxins (like chemicals or heat), or underlying conditions like varicocele. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking or excessive alcohol, may also contribute.
How can sperm motility be improved?
Improving sperm motility may involve lifestyle changes (e.g., quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight), dietary adjustments (rich in antioxidants like fruits and vegetables), avoiding heat exposure (e.g., tight underwear), and addressing underlying medical conditions. Some medications or supplements may also be recommended by a healthcare provider.
Is sperm motility testing painful or uncomfortable?
No, this test is not painful. The semen sample is collected privately, and the analysis itself is a quick microscopic examination. Most people find the process straightforward, though some may experience mild discomfort during collection.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy