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Sperm Morphology Analysis (Routine Sperm Head Examination)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test evaluates the shape and structure of sperm cells under a microscope to assess sperm morphology, which is important for fertility evaluation.

Quick summary

["A healthy sperm count and shape are key for successful fertilization."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
10625-2
Short code
Sperm Round Head NFr Smn
Synonyms
Sperm Round Head NFr Smn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
135
Ref high
980
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82626
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may recommend this test if you or your partner have trouble getting pregnant, unexplained infertility, or if you’ve had repeated miscarriages. It helps identify whether sperm shape issues (like abnormal heads) may be contributing to fertility challenges.

What Does the Test Involve?

A semen sample is collected and examined under a microscope. A trained specialist evaluates the percentage of sperm with normal head shapes (typically round, oval, or tapered) compared to those with irregular shapes (e.g., bent, misshapen, or double-headed).

How Is the Test Performed?

The test is typically done as part of a semen analysis, where the sample is examined for multiple factors, including head shape, motility, and overall sperm count. Results are often reported as a percentage of normally shaped sperm.

What Are Common Findings?

Normal findings may show a high percentage of sperm with typical head shapes (often 5–10% or more, depending on standards). Abnormal findings could indicate conditions like teratozoospermia (many misshapen sperm) or other fertility-related concerns.

Reference range

NCBI: DHEA-S Male 135-980 µg/dL; Female 30-260 µg/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Sperm Head Shape Check

Frequently asked questions

What Does My Result Mean?
A low percentage of normally shaped sperm may suggest underlying issues like genetic disorders, infections, or exposure to toxins. However, even with normal morphology, other factors (like motility or sperm count) may still affect fertility. Your doctor will discuss results in the context of your full medical history and fertility evaluation.
Can This Test Be Done at Home?
No, this test requires a lab setting and is part of a semen analysis. You’ll need to provide a semen sample to a clinic or lab for proper evaluation.
How Long Does It Take to Get Results?
Results are usually available within 1–3 business days after the lab processes the sample.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy