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Sperm Motility Analysis (Semen Analysis: Motility)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test evaluates how well sperm cells move through semen, which is important for fertility. It helps assess sperm quality and function.

Quick summary

["A motility test checks if sperm can swim effectively, a key step for fertilization."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
38560-9
Short code
Sperm.tail w IgA NFr Smn IBT
Synonyms
Sperm.tail w IgA NFr Smn IBT
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
immunobead
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters for Fertility

Sperm motility is a critical factor in male fertility. Healthy sperm must move efficiently to reach and penetrate an egg. This test measures the percentage and speed of sperm that are actively swimming, which can help identify issues that might affect conception.

How the Test Works

A small sample of semen is collected and examined under a microscope. A technician evaluates the movement patterns of sperm cells, categorizing them based on their speed, direction, and consistency of movement. This process helps determine overall motility and potential fertility challenges.

What to Expect Before the Test

You may be asked to abstain from ejaculation for 2–5 days before the test to ensure a sample with typical sperm concentration and motility. Avoid alcohol, caffeine, or strenuous activity 24 hours prior to avoid potential interference.

What the Results Mean

Results typically report the percentage of motile sperm (those that move) and their average speed. While exact reference ranges vary by lab, lower motility percentages or abnormal movement patterns may indicate fertility concerns that could require further evaluation.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Semen Motility Test

Frequently asked questions

What does a low motility score mean?
A low sperm motility score may suggest underlying issues like poor sperm production, genetic factors, or exposure to toxins. It can also be linked to conditions like varicocele, infections, or hormonal imbalances. This test alone doesn’t diagnose a specific cause, so your doctor may recommend additional testing or treatments.
How can I improve sperm motility?
Lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, managing stress, and eating a balanced diet rich in antioxidants (like fruits and vegetables) may support sperm health. If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, your doctor might suggest medications, surgical procedures, or fertility treatments.
Is this test covered by insurance?
Coverage depends on your insurance plan and reason for testing. If this test is part of a fertility evaluation (e.g., due to unexplained infertility), check with your insurance provider for details. Some plans may require prior authorization or specific documentation from your healthcare provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy