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Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, separated by size and electrical charge. It helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26755-9
Short code
S pneum Da 18C Ab Ser-mCnc
Synonyms
S pneum Da 18C Ab Ser-mCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

Protein electrophoresis splits blood proteins into fractions, such as albumin, globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma globulins), and other smaller proteins. The test detects variations in these fractions, which can indicate underlying health issues.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver disease, or kidney problems. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress for certain diseases.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate proteins, which are analyzed on an electrophoresis gel. The results show bands representing different protein types.

What Are Common Findings?

Normal results show distinct bands for albumin and globulins. Abnormal patterns may include extra bands (e.g., monoclonal spikes), reduced albumin, or increased globulins, which can signal specific health concerns.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

What does a ‘monoclonal spike’ on my protein electrophoresis test mean?
A monoclonal spike typically indicates a condition called monoclonal gammopathy, which may be a sign of multiple myeloma or another plasma cell disorder. Your doctor will further evaluate your symptoms and test results to determine the next steps.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before this test, as it only involves a blood draw. However, inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you’re taking, as they may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy