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Neutrophil count (absolute, serum/plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your blood. Neutrophils help fight infections.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils are key defenders against bacterial infections; low or high levels may signal health concerns."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
86106-2
Short code
S pneum Da 4 Ab Ser-aCnc
Synonyms
S pneum Da 4 Ab Ser-aCnc
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test to check for infections, blood disorders, or immune system issues. It can also help monitor conditions like leukemia, autoimmune diseases, or reactions to certain medications.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand to draw blood. If you’re on blood-thinning medication, let your doctor know before the test.

What the Results Mean

Results are usually reported as a count of neutrophils per microliter (µL) of blood. While reference ranges vary by lab, very low counts (below normal) may indicate infections, bone marrow problems, or immune deficiencies. Very high counts may suggest infections, inflammation, or other conditions.

Common Conditions Affecting Neutrophil Levels

Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) can occur due to infections, chemotherapy, autoimmune diseases, or genetic disorders. High neutrophil counts (neutrophilia) may signal infections, stress, or certain cancers.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)

Frequently asked questions

What Does a Neutrophil Count Tell Your Doctor?
A low ANC can put you at higher risk for severe infections, especially if you’re undergoing treatment that suppresses your immune system (e.g., chemotherapy). High ANC may prompt further testing to rule out infections or other underlying causes.
How Often Should I Get This Test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health condition, treatment plan, or symptoms. Regular monitoring may be needed if you have chronic illnesses like leukemia or autoimmune disorders.
Can I Eat or Drink Before the Test?
You can eat and drink normally before the test, as it doesn’t require fasting. However, inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, especially blood thinners or steroids, which could affect your results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy