Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions based on size and charge. Key proteins include albumin, globulins (such as immunoglobulins), and other smaller proteins. This test does not provide exact quantities but helps compare relative amounts.

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, chronic liver disease, or kidney disease.

Common Uses and Conditions

Common reasons include detecting monoclonal gammopathy (abnormal protein spikes), evaluating systemic diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, or checking for metabolic disorders affecting protein synthesis.

Sample Collection and Preparation

Blood is drawn from a vein, usually in the arm. The sample is then processed to separate serum (if clotted) or plasma (if anticoagulated) for analysis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on clinical context.