Neutrophil count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by automated cell differential

What Is a CSF Neutrophil Count Used For?

Doctors use this test to diagnose or monitor conditions such as meningitis (infection of the brain or spinal cord membranes), brain abscesses, or other inflammatory processes in the central nervous system. High neutrophil counts may indicate bacterial infections, while lower counts could suggest viral infections or other conditions like multiple sclerosis.

When Might You Need This Test?

You may need this test if you have symptoms like severe headache, neck stiffness, fever, confusion, or neurological issues. It’s often ordered alongside other tests, such as a lumbar puncture (spinal tap), when doctors suspect infections, bleeding, or other brain/spinal cord problems.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small amount of CSF is collected through a procedure called a lumbar puncture, where a needle is gently inserted into the lower back. The fluid is then sent to a lab for analysis. The lab uses automated technology to count the neutrophils among other white blood cells in the sample.

What Are Common Results and Their Meanings?

Results are typically reported as a count of neutrophils per microliter (µL) of CSF. Elevated neutrophil counts (often above 5–10 cells/µL) may suggest bacterial infections or severe inflammation, while lower counts could indicate viral infections or other conditions. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and overall health.