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Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose and monitor protein-related disorders by separating blood proteins into distinct fractions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
76587-5
Short code
S pneum nanA XXX.tiss NAA+probe
Synonyms
S pneum nanA XXX.tiss NAA+probe
Category
coagulation
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
CPT
86038
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their size and electrical charge, creating bands that represent albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions affecting protein production or breakdown.

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for conditions like multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), chronic liver disease, kidney disease, or inflammatory disorders. It’s also used to monitor treatment responses.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is placed in a gel. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to move toward opposite charges, creating distinct bands that are analyzed under a light microscope.

What Do Results Mean?

Results show the distribution of protein bands. For example, an increased gamma-globulin band may suggest immune system disorders, while unusual patterns could indicate metabolic or genetic conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test plays a critical role in diagnosing and managing conditions affecting protein synthesis or breakdown. Abnormal findings may prompt further testing, such as bone marrow exams or genetic evaluations, depending on the suspected condition.

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
It reveals the relative amounts of different blood proteins, helping identify potential disorders like protein abnormalities, infections, or cancers. The exact meaning depends on the pattern observed.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your healthcare provider is needed to interpret findings.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special preparation is usually required, but avoid alcohol or certain medications that may affect protein levels. Always follow your provider’s instructions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy