Serum or Plasma Free Light Chain Ratio (Free Kappa to Lambda Light Chains)

What Is a Light Chain Ratio Test Used For?

Light chain ratios are primarily used to detect and monitor conditions where abnormal amounts of light chains accumulate in the blood. These conditions can include multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells, or other plasma cell dyscrasias. The test can also help assess kidney function and diagnose conditions like amyloidosis, where misfolded proteins build up in tissues.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is then sent to a lab where the free kappa and lambda light chains are measured. The results are expressed as a ratio of these two types of light chains.

Preparation for the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may continue with your normal activities, including eating and drinking as usual, unless instructed otherwise by your healthcare provider.

What Are the Possible Results?

The test results provide a ratio of free kappa to lambda light chains. Elevated ratios may indicate multiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorders. Your healthcare provider will interpret the results in the context of your overall health and medical history.